Approach procedure suffixes (e.g., 'Z', 'Y') indicate multiple straight-in approaches of the same type to a single runway, primarily designed to accommodate more aircraft by offering different ...

Procedure turns (PTs) are essential Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) maneuvers used to align an aircraft with the final approach course when not provided with radar vectors or other means of guidance.

In August 2021, I participated in an inspection flight of a new approach procedure at one of the most challenging airports to land at in the U.S., Colorado’s Eagle County (KEGE) with Hughes Aerospace ...

Earning an instrument and a type rating today still demands the applicant successfully fly a circling approach. Despite the FAA’s recent Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123 calling for an increased focus ...

Circling approaches are 25 times less safe than straight-in approches and thus should be conducted only as a last resort. Pilot, safety expert, consultant, and aviation journalist Stuart “Kipp” Lau ...